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Condition Overview
These common tumors (often multiple) arise from glands located around the anus and at the base of the tail.
Symptoms
Adenomas can be recognized by their typical location and rounded, rubbery appearance. A minority undergo malignant transformation to adenocarcinomas. These cancerous neoplasms can grow to a large size, break through the skin, become infected, and cause anorectal obstruction. Metastases to the lungs occur frequently.
Causes
Perianal Gland Tumors occur primarily in intact males over 7 years of age, and require the presence of testosterone.
Diagnosis
The diagnosis is confirmed by tissue biopsy. For small tumors, this is best done by completely excising the tumor. If the tumor is found to be malignant, a chest X-ray should be taken to rule out metastatic spread.
Treatment
Perianal gland tumors may regress completely following removal of the testicles. Thus, all dogs with perinanal tumors, whether benign or malignant, should be neutered. Benign tumors should be removed with a rim of normal tissue. Malignant tumors should be removed as widely as possible at the time of neutering, providing the operation can be performed without causing rectal incontinence. Radiation and chemotherapy are other treatment options.
Prevention
A level of prevention may be obtained by having all pets neutered.
Support
Please contact your veterinarian for assistance if you think your pet may have this condition.
Sources
Dog Owners Home Veterinary Handbook
Publisher: Wiley Publishing, 2007
Website: http://www.wiley.com/WileyCDA/
Authors: Debra M. Eldredge, Liisa D. Carlson, Delbert G. Carlson, James M. Giffen MD
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